91% of anterior cruciate ligament injuries are sports-related. A significant portion of these injuries occur due to non-contact mechanisms (knee sprain). Seen in 59% of male patients

%91 of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are sports injuries. A significant portion of these injuries occur due to non‑contact mechanisms (knee sprain). %59 are seen in male patients, although the injury risk is higher in women of the same age group who participate in sports. (1) In female athletes, the lower incidence of ACL injuries is thought to be related to hormonal factors, excessive flexibility, and an effective jump‑landing pattern. (2,3,4)

Injuries are managed surgically in 60‑70 % of cases. (1,5) 30 % of patients undergo surgery within 3 months after injury, while the remaining group does not rush the timing of surgery. The average time to surgery is 10.1 months. Among athletes who do not receive surgical treatment, 95 % develop meniscus and cartilage problems within 20 years, and 50 % are treated with total knee arthroplasty. (6) In knees treated with arthroscopic ACL reconstruction, patients with isolated ACL tears show 39 % osteoarthritis in the operated knee versus 33 % in the non‑operated knee. (7) Overall, the most important factor influencing treatment outcome in ACL injury is the presence of a concomitant meniscus injury. Meniscus injuries develop over time and determine clinical results. (6,8)

In light of the current scientific evidence, it can be stated that early interventions performed before meniscus problems arise will positively affect medium‑ and long‑term outcomes.

SOURCES

Written & medically reviewed by

Doç. Dr. Taner Bekmezci

Orthopedics & Traumatology Specialist

0545 765 00 96[email protected]

Frequently Asked Questions

How is an anterior cruciate ligament tear recognized?
Typical symptoms are a "popping" sound in the knee at the time of injury, rapid swelling within the first hours, and a feeling of instability/lack of confidence in the knee thereafter.
Does the tear heal on its own?
Complete tears usually do not heal spontaneously. In patients with low activity, functional balance can be achieved with physiotherapy; recurrent instability requires surgery.
When is surgery required?
Arthroscopic ligament reconstruction is recommended for patients who are active athletes, experience recurrent instability, or have accompanying meniscus/cartilage damage.
How long does it take to return to sport?
With structured rehabilitation after reconstruction, the average return to sport is 6-9 months; the decision is based more on objective strength and functional tests than on time.
Can a ligament tear damage other structures?
Yes. At the time of injury or during subsequent instability episodes, meniscus and cartilage damage can occur; therefore early orthopedic evaluation is important for joint health.